LeetCode 题解工作台
扁平化嵌套列表迭代器
给你一个嵌套的整数列表 nestedList 。每个元素要么是一个整数,要么是一个列表;该列表的元素也可能是整数或者是其他列表。请你实现一个迭代器将其扁平化,使之能够遍历这个列表中的所有整数。 实现扁平迭代器类 NestedIterator : NestedIterator(List nestedL…
6
题型
6
代码语言
3
相关题
当前训练重点
中等 · 二分·树·traversal
答案摘要
根据题意要求可以将 NestedInteger 数据结构视作一个 N 叉树,当元素为一个整数时,该节点是 N 叉树的叶子节点,当元素为一个整数数组时,该节点是 N 叉树的非叶子节点,数组中的每一个元素包含子树的所有节点。故直接递归遍历 N 叉树并记录所有的叶子节点即可。 class NestedIterator:
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题目描述
给你一个嵌套的整数列表 nestedList 。每个元素要么是一个整数,要么是一个列表;该列表的元素也可能是整数或者是其他列表。请你实现一个迭代器将其扁平化,使之能够遍历这个列表中的所有整数。
实现扁平迭代器类 NestedIterator :
NestedIterator(List<NestedInteger> nestedList)用嵌套列表nestedList初始化迭代器。int next()返回嵌套列表的下一个整数。boolean hasNext()如果仍然存在待迭代的整数,返回true;否则,返回false。
你的代码将会用下述伪代码检测:
initialize iterator with nestedList
res = []
while iterator.hasNext()
append iterator.next() to the end of res
return res
如果 res 与预期的扁平化列表匹配,那么你的代码将会被判为正确。
示例 1:
输入:nestedList = [[1,1],2,[1,1]]
输出:[1,1,2,1,1]
解释:通过重复调用 next 直到 hasNext 返回 false,next 返回的元素的顺序应该是: [1,1,2,1,1]。
示例 2:
输入:nestedList = [1,[4,[6]]]
输出:[1,4,6]
解释:通过重复调用 next 直到 hasNext 返回 false,next 返回的元素的顺序应该是: [1,4,6]。
提示:
1 <= nestedList.length <= 500- 嵌套列表中的整数值在范围
[-106, 106]内
解题思路
方法一:递归
根据题意要求可以将 NestedInteger 数据结构视作一个 N 叉树,当元素为一个整数时,该节点是 N 叉树的叶子节点,当元素为一个整数数组时,该节点是 N 叉树的非叶子节点,数组中的每一个元素包含子树的所有节点。故直接递归遍历 N 叉树并记录所有的叶子节点即可。
# """
# This is the interface that allows for creating nested lists.
# You should not implement it, or speculate about its implementation
# """
# class NestedInteger:
# def isInteger(self) -> bool:
# """
# @return True if this NestedInteger holds a single integer, rather than a nested list.
# """
#
# def getInteger(self) -> int:
# """
# @return the single integer that this NestedInteger holds, if it holds a single integer
# Return None if this NestedInteger holds a nested list
# """
#
# def getList(self) -> [NestedInteger]:
# """
# @return the nested list that this NestedInteger holds, if it holds a nested list
# Return None if this NestedInteger holds a single integer
# """
class NestedIterator:
def __init__(self, nestedList: [NestedInteger]):
def dfs(ls):
for x in ls:
if x.isInteger():
self.nums.append(x.getInteger())
else:
dfs(x.getList())
self.nums = []
self.i = -1
dfs(nestedList)
def next(self) -> int:
self.i += 1
return self.nums[self.i]
def hasNext(self) -> bool:
return self.i + 1 < len(self.nums)
# Your NestedIterator object will be instantiated and called as such:
# i, v = NestedIterator(nestedList), []
# while i.hasNext(): v.append(i.next())
复杂度分析
| 指标 | 值 |
|---|---|
| 时间 | Depends on the final approach |
| 空间 | Depends on the final approach |
面试官常问的追问
外企场景- question_mark
The candidate demonstrates clear understanding of stack-based traversal.
- question_mark
The candidate can explain depth-first search principles and apply them to nested iteration.
- question_mark
The candidate exhibits efficient state tracking and recognizes when to process integers vs. lists.
常见陷阱
外企场景- error
Failing to correctly handle deeply nested lists, causing inefficiencies in iteration.
- error
Incorrectly maintaining state while traversing, leading to skipped or repeated elements.
- error
Inefficient use of memory or stack space when dealing with lists of large or varied depth.
进阶变体
外企场景- arrow_right_alt
Handle scenarios with varying list sizes and depths to test scalability.
- arrow_right_alt
Implement a breadth-first search version of the iterator for comparison.
- arrow_right_alt
Modify the problem to work with more complex nested data types beyond integers.