LeetCode 题解工作台

累加数

累加数 是一个字符串,组成它的数字可以形成累加序列。 一个有效的 累加序列 必须 至少 包含 3 个数。除了最开始的两个数以外,序列中的每个后续数字必须是它之前两个数字之和。 给你一个只包含数字 '0'-'9' 的字符串,编写一个算法来判断给定输入是否是 累加数 。如果是,返回 true ;否则,返…

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2

题型

code_blocks

4

代码语言

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3

相关题

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中等 · 回溯·pruning

bolt

答案摘要

class Solution: def isAdditiveNumber(self, num: str) -> bool:

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description

题目描述

累加数 是一个字符串,组成它的数字可以形成累加序列。

一个有效的 累加序列 必须 至少 包含 3 个数。除了最开始的两个数以外,序列中的每个后续数字必须是它之前两个数字之和。

给你一个只包含数字 '0'-'9' 的字符串,编写一个算法来判断给定输入是否是 累加数 。如果是,返回 true ;否则,返回 false

说明:累加序列里的数,除数字 0 之外,不会 以 0 开头,所以不会出现 1, 2, 03 或者 1, 02, 3 的情况。

 

示例 1:

输入:"112358"
输出:true 
解释:累加序列为: 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 。1 + 1 = 2, 1 + 2 = 3, 2 + 3 = 5, 3 + 5 = 8

示例 2:

输入"199100199"
输出:true 
解释:累加序列为: 1, 99, 100, 199。1 + 99 = 100, 99 + 100 = 199

 

提示:

  • 1 <= num.length <= 35
  • num 仅由数字(0 - 9)组成

 

进阶:你计划如何处理由过大的整数输入导致的溢出?

lightbulb

解题思路

方法一

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class Solution:
    def isAdditiveNumber(self, num: str) -> bool:
        def dfs(a, b, num):
            if not num:
                return True
            if a + b > 0 and num[0] == '0':
                return False
            for i in range(1, len(num) + 1):
                if a + b == int(num[:i]):
                    if dfs(b, a + b, num[i:]):
                        return True
            return False

        n = len(num)
        for i in range(1, n - 1):
            for j in range(i + 1, n):
                if i > 1 and num[0] == '0':
                    break
                if j - i > 1 and num[i] == '0':
                    continue
                if dfs(int(num[:i]), int(num[i:j]), num[j:]):
                    return True
        return False
speed

复杂度分析

指标
时间Depends on the final approach
空间Depends on the final approach
psychology

面试官常问的追问

外企场景
  • question_mark

    They want you to notice that after picking the first two numbers, the rest of Additive Number is forced rather than freely partitioned.

  • question_mark

    They are checking whether you catch the leading-zero rule for both starting numbers and later generated values.

  • question_mark

    They expect pruning logic, not brute-force partition generation across the whole string.

warning

常见陷阱

外企场景
  • error

    Allowing values like "01" or "00" as multi-digit tokens, which makes invalid branches look valid.

  • error

    Using 32-bit or 64-bit arithmetic blindly, which can break Additive Number on longer substrings near the length limit.

  • error

    Continuing search after the expected sum fails to match the next substring, instead of pruning that branch immediately.

swap_horiz

进阶变体

外企场景
  • arrow_right_alt

    Return the actual additive sequence instead of a boolean, which means storing the chosen numbers along the successful path.

  • arrow_right_alt

    Count how many valid additive decompositions exist, which removes the early exit and makes pruning even more important.

  • arrow_right_alt

    Implement the same Additive Number logic with manual string addition to avoid overflow-dependent solutions.

help

常见问题

外企场景

累加数题解:回溯·pruning | LeetCode #306 中等